GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA: A DIVERSITY OF GENETIC DISORDERS N TUMOR CELLS AS A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE TARGETED DRUGS DEVELOPMENT

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Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in the world. This review provides information on groups of genes that are most frequently subjected to genetic disorders: receptor tyrosine kinase genes; cell cycle regulator genes; Hippo signaling cascade genes; genes of WNT/beta-catenin, Hedgehog and TGF-beta/SMAD4 signaling pathways; chromatin modification genes (ARID1A, MLL1-MLL4, DOT1L, EZH); genes encoding cell adhesion and cytoskeleton molecules (CDH1, FAT1-FAT4, CTNNA1-CTNNA2, RHOA). The known data on the possible role of these genetic disorders in the gastric adenocarcinoma pathogenesis is described in detail and the data on the possibilities of developing targeted drugs are presented.