Breast and prostate cancer oligometastases: the feasibility of surgery treatment

The theory of «oligometastatic disease» was proposed for the first time by Hellman S. И Weichselbaumin in 1995 and meant intermediated state between localized tumor and metastatic disease. Last decades demonstrated patients with solitary metastases who lived for a long time and surgery treatment revealed potential benefit. For example, breast and prostate cancer patients with distant metastases survived 5 and even 10 years. The decrease of tumor burden theoretically could improve prognosis. So, the therapy directed to solitary metastases, particularly surgery treatment afford not only to remove cancer clones, but in some cases to delay toxic chemotherapy or hormone therapy. In prostate cancer patients metastasectomy usually performed in positive pelvis or retroperitoneal lymph nodes, in breast cancer patients – in visceral (liver, pulmonary, brain) oligometastases. Multimodality treatment in such patients in nonrandomized trials complicates the estimation of effectiveness of each method. The indications for oligometastasis surgery to date are: the disease-free interval after treatment of primary tumor, the number and site of metastases, hormone status. This article discussed the literature data of oligometastatic surgery in breast and prostate cancer patients.